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The race and appearance of Jesus have been discussed on a number of grounds since early Christianity. Although the New Testament includes no description of the physical appearance of Jesus before his death, and its narrative is generally indifferent to racial appearances,〔 it is generally clear in the Christian scripture that Jesus was of Hebrew descent, his genealogy being attested as of the Hebrew patriarchs in the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke. Various theories about the race of Jesus have been advanced and debated.〔〔''Racializing Jesus: Race, Ideology and the Formation of Modern Biblical Scholarship'' by Shawn Kelley 2002 ISBN 0-415-28373-6 pages 70-73〕 By the Middle Ages a number of documents, generally of unknown or questionable origin, had been composed and were circulating with details of the appearance of Jesus. Now these documents are mostly considered forgeries.〔''The Oxford companion to the Bible'' 1993 ISBN 0-19-504645-5 page 41〕〔''Making Sense of the New Testament'' by Craig L. Blomberg 2004 ISBN 0-8010-2747-0 pages 3-4〕〔''Pontius Pilate: portraits of a Roman governor'' by Warren Carter 2003 ISBN 0-8146-5113-5 pages 6-9〕 While many people have a fixed mental image of Jesus, drawn from his artistic depictions, these images often conform to ethnic-European stereotypes which are not grounded in any serious research on the historical Jesus, but are based on second- or third-hand interpretations of spurious sources.〔''The forging of races: race and scripture in the Protestant Atlantic world'' by Colin Kidd 2006 ISBN 0-521-79324-6 pages 44-45 ()〕 By the 19th century, theories that Jesus was non-Semitic, and in particular Aryan, were developed. However, as in other cases of the assignment of race to Biblical individuals, these claims have been mostly subjective, based on cultural stereotypes and societal trends rather than on scientific analysis.〔 For two millennia a wide range of artistic depictions of Jesus have appeared, often influenced by cultural settings, political circumstances and theological contexts.〔〔 There is no major disagreement that he was ethnically Middle Eastern. Though some question what exactly that looked like at that time, there is a general scholarly consensus that first-century Hebrews from Judea were Levantine Middle Easterners.〔 ==Biblical references== The New Testament includes no descriptions of Jesus' everyday appearance before his death and the Gospel narratives are generally indifferent to people's racial appearance or features.〔''The likeness of the king: a prehistory of portraiture in late medieval France'' by Stephen Perkinson 2009 ISBN 0-226-65879-1 page 30〕〔Robin M. Jensen "Jesus in Christian art", Chapter 29 of ''The Blackwell Companion to Jesus'' edited by Delbert Burkett 2010 ISBN 1-4051-9362-X page 477-502〕〔''The forging of races: race and scripture in the Protestant Atlantic world'' by Colin Kidd 2006 ISBN 0-521-79324-6 pages 48-51〕 The Synoptic Gospels include the account of the Transfiguration of Jesus, during which he was glorified with "his face shining as the sun."〔The Cambridge companion to the Gospels'' by Stephen C. Barton ISBN pages 132-133〕〔''The Content and the Setting of the Gospel Tradition'' by Mark Harding, Alanna Nobbs 2010 ISBN 978-0-8028-3318-1 pages 281-282〕 The Book of Revelation includes John's vision of the Son of Man, which describes "...and his feet were like unto burnt brass, His head and his hairs were white like wool, as white as snow;" Old Testament references about a coming Messiah (whom Christians believe to be Jesus) have been projected forward to form conjectures about the appearance of Jesus on theological, rather than historical, grounds; e.g. Isaiah 53:2 which refers to the scourged Messiah with "no beauty that we should desire him" and Psalm 45:2-3 which describes him as "fairer than the children of men", often interpreted as his physical description.〔''The Cross of Christ'' by John R. W. Stott, Alister McGrath 2006 ISBN 0-8308-3320-X page 145〕〔''Christianity, art, and transformation'' by John W. De Gruchy 2001 ISBN 0-521-77205-2 page 122〕〔''Brother Jesus: the Nazarene through Jewish eyes'' by Schalom Ben-Chorin 2001 ISBN 0-8203-2256-3 page 111〕〔''Understanding early Christian art'' by Robin Margaret Jensen 2000 ISBN 0-415-20454-2 page 127〕 Clarks' commentary accepts Lamentations 4:7 "Her Nazarites were purer than snow, they were whiter than milk, they were more swarthy in body than rubies, their polishing was of sapphire: Their visage is blacker than coal;" as referring to skin color.〔(Biblehub, Clark's commentary )〕 1 Samuel 16:12 describes David, the ancestor of Jesus, as having "beautiful eyes" or "fair countenance."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Race and appearance of Jesus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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